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Evaluation 7

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Evaluation 4 & 5

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Evaluation 3

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Evaluation 2

Evaluation 1

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Final Production

Our finished project

Update

here is the first draft of our movie, all the editing and sound is complete, however we are yet to add titles.
Here is our film so far:

Update: Music

Recently, we contacted a singer Katie Morgan, who worked with Brian Clayton to produce her songs. We contacted her through a website called soundcloud after we saw her song 'Getting Back Wi You' and thought it might suit our movie. Here was the reply we received:

"Hi Amy, Chrissy and Laura,
Really good to hear that our song Getting Back Wi You fits the theme of your film.
We are very happy for you to use the song for the above purpose.
Just to let you know a little more about the song it is from our album Back With You to be released by Expat Records on 1st February this year.So if you can mention Expat Records as well as myself and Katie Morgan that will be great.
We wish you all the very best with your exam.
Good luck
Brian Clayton & Katie Morgan"

Here is a video from youtube which she recorded herself, with the song we are going to use: 

Update: Editing

On the 12th January we started to edit our clips using Adobe Premiere. This programme allowed us to position and alter clips to create our 2 minute film. However we got to our very last clip, and when we tried to import it into Premiere, our computer crashed, and it did this every time we tried that. To solve it we had to get Chrissy to find the tape, and capture the footage again so it would let us upload it.

We have recently been looking at music, Enormous, the band we were originally going to go with will not let us use their music. However we have written permission to use a song from a singer called 'Katie Morgan'.

Update:Editing

We started our editing today on the 10th of January. To start the process we used a 'capture camera' from the media office. We used our tape and played the footage through a programme called Adobe OnLocation, which allowed us to capture footage and save it on the computer. Unfortunately we had a few problems where the programme kept on crashing, however we managed to fix this problem and all our clips were ready to use on Adobe Premiere, our editing software.

Update: Filming

Yesterday on the 6th of January we carried out our filming. The overall precess went well and we got every shot done on the day. However we had a few time issues with our actors. Our main male lead, Adam, was doing a job out of town on our filming day. This was soon sorted as he then arranged to come over in the evening when he was free. This gave us plenty of time to film the shots with our female actor. When we were filming our female lead walking down the stairs, a cat walked in and ran down the stairs with her. We decided to keep this in our footage because its cute and fits in with our chick flick theme.
However we had a few technical difficulties with our camera after we had filmed. We couldn't find our footage on the playback! The media technicians at college helped us find it, and our film was ready for editing.

Update: Filming

Today in our media lesson we have booked a camera for the 5th and 6th of january. We are hoping to film our footage in this time, but we are hoping to get it all done on wednesday the 5th, after we finish college.

this is the order we will film in

1.Medium close up of girl drying her hair

3. Close up girl straightening her hair

7. Extreme close up of girl putting on lipstick

9. Long shot of girl choosing her outfit

2. Close up of boy shaving

4. Medium close up of boy getting the deodorant

5. Match on action medium long shot of boy picking up deodorant

6. Match on action close up of boy spraying deodorant

8. Close up of boy doing his hair

10. Medium close up of boy doing up his shirt

11. Close up of girl grabbing the door handle

13.Medium long shot of girl walking outside

12. Match on action long shot of girl opening the door

14.Long shot of girl walking outside

15. Long shot of girl walking to meet the boy

18. Close up of girl receiving text

19. Medium long shot of girls reaction to the text

16. Close up of him texting

17. Long shot boy and other girl together

Risk Assesment

Potential Danger	Potential outcomes	Actions to avoid potential outcomes	Further comments
Tripping over lighting kit  power cables.	Serious injury, electrocution.	Cables are to be 'gaffer taped to the floor for the duration of the shot.	Amy will be in charge of this taking responsibility for obtaining he gaffer tape from the DIY store.
Tripping over the straighteners/hair dryer wire	Injury	Ensure wires are gaffer taped to the floor	"
Tripping over the camera	Injury	Camera isn't left unattended on the floor	Laura is responsible for the whereabouts of the camera
Tripping over pets/pets being hurt	Injury	Keep pets away from the set	Chrissy is responsible for keeping animals off set
Fingers trapped in the door	Injury	Keep doors on latch	Amy is responsible for making sure doors are kept open

Planning: Music

For the background music to our opening sequence we have found a song called 'been around' by an unsigned artist, 'enormous' which would fit our story well. We have emailed them to ask permission to use their music in our film and are hoping to get a reply back soon.

To stay organised we have created a calender on google to schedule our shooting

Organising: Props

We will need:                                       Who's in charge of getting these items:
Hair dryer                                           Chrissy
Straighteners                                     Chrissy
Lip stick                                               Amy
boys hair gel or wax                           Chrissy
Razor                                                   Laura
Deodorant                                           Laura
Clothes (male&female)                     Chrissy/Amy
2 Mobile phones                                Laura/Amy

Organising: Location

For our locations we are going to use Chrissys house as we only need two bedrooms in the film. We thought we could use this location as it is easiest to get to and is appropriate for what we need.

This is a picture of our location.

Organising: Casting

For our two main characters we have casted one of our friends, Beth and we are still looking for a male character however we are confident we can find one by Friday 17th December
For the 2nd girl at the end we have decided to use one of us as it is only a small 5 second role.

This is a photo of our main girl character, Beth.

This is a photo of our boy main character, Steven

Planning: Shot Lists

1. Medium close up of girl drying her hair
2. Close up of boy shaving
3. Close up girl straightening her hair
4. Medium close up of boy getting the deodorant
5. Match on action medium long shot of boy picking up deodorant
6. Match on action close up of boy spraying deodorant
7. Extreme close up of girl putting on lipstick
8. Close up of boy doing his hair
9. Long shot of girl choosing her outfit
10. Medium close up of boy doing up his shirt
11. Close up of girl grabbing the door handle
12. Match on action long shot of girl opening the door
13.Medium long shot of girl walking outside
14.Long shot of girl walking outside
15. Long shot of girl walking to meet the boy
16. Close up him texting
17. Long shot boy and other girl together
18. Close up of girl receiving text
19. Medium long shot of girls reaction to the text

Organising: Music

Yesterday (13th December) we e-mailed the artist Enormous to see if we could use his song in our opening sequence. we are still waiting on a reply but we are hoping to know by Wednesday 15th December, if not we are going to try and find another piece of music and gain permission by the 20th December.

Planning: Animatic

Audience Research: Updates

We have added a brief summary of your opening to our focus group on facebook, here we hope to gain feedback and ideas from our target audience

Here is a brief summary to our opening sequence. Please could you comment saying:

• What you like about it?
• Is this what you would expect from a Chick flick genre? If no what you you expect to happen? 
• What do you think could be added to make it more interesting or relevant to the Genre? 
• What would you expect to happen in the rest of the film? 
• If you saw this opening would you want to watch the rest of the film? If no what could be added to make you want to watch it?

Synopsis

Our opening sequence is about a girlfriend and boyfriend getting ready to meet each other, the girl is all excited and making sure everything is perfect but the boy is just sat playing on his Xbox.

It starts by you seeing the girl and boy in their bedrooms, on a split screen. The girl is brushing, drying and straightening her hair and the boy is turning on his Xbox, the girl shortly moves onto doing her makeup and you see her organising various outfits to see which looks best. The boy throws on some clothes, not bothering if their clean and sits down as he starts to play on his Xbox. Once the girl is dressed and ready to meet him you see her walking out of her front door and to the end of her drive, during this you see a different girl enter the boys room they kiss and you then she the boy texting his girlfriend saying ‘I can’t meet you babe, sorry’. The Screen fills with the girl as she receives the text message and that’s where it ends. 

Genre Research Summary

1) What do the titles tend to look like?

A majority of titles in the chick flick genre look feminine and glamorous to connote the theme. For example, the titles for 'Devil Wears Prada' are gold and red, and the font is of a handwritten style, connoting the feminine cast and the genre of the movie. However with transitions of the titles, they tend to fade out and are replaced by another set of titles shortly after, this technique appears in 'Love Actually' and in 'Devil Wears Prada'. This connotes that this technique is stereotypical to the genre, and to meet the interests of the target audience that watch these films, we would like to adapt this technique and use a similar idea. The title sequences for both movies move quite slowly, so it gives the audience more time to concentrate on the imagery, as well as the titles. The title sequence normally contains the title of the movie, the production company, and the names of the main actors in the films, this connotes ideas that they will be the main character in the film.


2) What kind of music/or other non-diegetic sounds are used?


Stereotypically, chick flick movies normally have a light hearted, energetic song at the beginning, sung by a famous musician. For example, 'Devil Wears Prada' had a famous song by KT Tunstall, where the lyrics revealed insights into the plot of the film, and the light hearted music helped to set an atmosphere.



3) What types of character do we see in the opening sequences?


In the opening sequences relating to the genre, the main character is normally a female. However the way they are portrayed varies very much. Like in the 'Devil Wears Prada' we see the portagonist to be scruffy, late, unorganised and by the looks of it, unpopular. Whilst we see the other characters in the opening to be glamorous, neat, pretty and successful. We see these girls in close ups apply ing their make up, making them look glamorous and popular, and with fasionable costumes.


4) What Kinds of mise en scene dominate?


In the genre, many of the movies are set in a house or public areas. For example, 'Devil Wears Prada' was set in new york, and in different houses and flats, whilst the opening scene for 'Love Actually' was set in an airport. Films relating to the genre normally contain lighting which connotes to the happy, energetic atmosphere of the film, connoting the theme. However, props within the scene are stereotypical towards genres. Women are seen with make up, hand bags and shopping bags, while men are seen with their cars, beer, football and gadgets, using Levi Strauss' theory of binary opposites to make the openings interesting.


5) What narrative codes are employed and how?


The opening sequences of many chick flicks are normally based around Levi Strauss' theory of binary opposites, where the conflict interests us between two opposite forces. For example, a man and a woman, and adult and a child. Also, a key convension of a chick flick is close up shots of the main characters. This would give the actor more screen time, so the audience would recognise them as the protagonist.


6) Is there a particular form of cinematography or editing that is specific to the genre?


In chick flicks, there is a type of editing that is popular amongst opening scenes. Parallel editing is used to give the viewer a sence of what is happening in different locations at the same time. This is used to make it more interesting, and to set up enigmas as you can see all, and the characters cant. For our clip we have decided to use parallel editing to create this mood and atmosphere, we also think it will be a good way to introduce characters and a storyline.

Audience Research Focus Group

http://www.facebook.com/home.php?sk=lf#!/home.php?sk=group_173302532698180&ap=1

We based our Focus Group on Facebook, this allowed us to get varied feedback quicky, and it was very easy to set up and to monitor. We chose 15 different students and asked them a series of questions:

• What genre of films do you enjoy? eg. Chick Flick, Horror, Romance 
• What is your favourite song/artist at the moment?
• What is your favourite film at the moment? 
• What is your favourite colour? 
• What is your favourite drink? 
• What do you do in your spare time? eg. see friends, shopping,sports 

These questions were chosen to help us gain an understanding of the interests and differences in our target audience. These were the replies we recieved:

Connie Hopper:
1) Action & Comedy
2) Pink
3) Love actually
4) Lime Green
5) Coke6) See friends/boyfriend, shopping, work

Lottie Fereday
1) Horror, Comedy and Chick Flick.
2) Frankie Vali and the Four Seasons.
3) Bucket List
4) Green
5) Rum6) Seeing friends/boyfriend, Guiding, Driving and cinema with sister

Lucy Bligh
 1) Comedy, Chick Flick
2) Song - Everything by Michael Buble, Artist - Lissie
3) The Twilight Saga - Eclipse
4) Pink
5) Coke
6) Work, See friends, Shopping, Clubbing

Matt Ramage
1) Comedy
2) Wa do dem by eek a mouse
3) Die Hard 4.0
4) Blue
5) Diet Coke
6) Football

These responces helped us gain an interesting idea from our target audience, we learned that the genre comedy is very popular and widely liked, so this means we would have to make our movie more comical to gain their interest. We also learned that what they do in their free time and what they like to drink were very similar, however their music tastes were varied.

After asking these questions, we then asked our target audience what they thought of our genre moodboard. This is what we recieved:

•  I like the alcohol and the handbag and shoes. Some aspects interest me as a film, (not the cheating man part). I expect the alcohol is a participant in the boy's affair or with the car and that will be girls shopping and people playing xbox and football

• i like the make up bit, and the cheating guy part is intriguing , the car xbox football etc doesnt interest me purely because i'm too girly. However as a film i would watch it. And id expect the film to be mainly about the guy cheating on a girly girl with someone more his type e.g into cars and all that xx

• I like the football and the xbox :) and the car. its would be a good kinda action film with all the technology going on and then have some kinda hot girl half naked in there for no apparent reason, :) but i dont like the whole kinda mushy girl and boy hugging with the girl next to them, seems kinda pointless and stupidd (: xx

From this feedback we learned that the females in our focus group liked and agreed with the parts of the moodboard aimed towards their gender, stereotyping their interests, whilst the males in our focus group liked the part of the moodboard aimed towards males. However the image of the cheating man in the middle confused our audience and we recieved varied opinions, some liked it, and others thought it was pointless. On the other hand, our audience had guessed that our movie would be a chock flick with the help of your stereotypical imagery. I think that if we meet their interests and views, they would be satisfied with our movie.
 

Target Audience

We have decided to aim our film at women, more specifically in their teenage years and young adults. Our target socio-economic class  is B's C1's and C2's, so the middle class population. Our Psychographic target audience are Maintreamers (those who don't like to be different) Traditionalists (poeple who dont like change, and are very set in their ways) and Hedonists (people who generally like to have a good time). We are aiming this film at people who are interested in a chick flick genre.

Genre Specific Analysis: Devil Wears Prada

'The Devil Wears Prada' is a 2006 chick flick comedy by David Frankel, based on the famous novel by Lauren Weisberger. The Opening displays all of the key convensions of s chick flick, aiming its footage at a female audience. The film is stereotypical to its genre, because as it opens, the first shots are of a girl getting ready, and doing her hair and make up, this connotes the genre of the film because make up, hair, and all those girly things are key conventions of a chick flick.

The scene opens with a clip of the actor Anne Hathaway getting ready in the morning, this clip contains the names of two actresses in he film, 'Anne Hathaway' and 'Meryl Streep' because their names are the first to appear after the titles, we can easily guess that they are going to be the protagonists of the film. Also the text which their names are written in is red and gold, and in a calligraphy font, making it look feminine and delicate, connoting the female target audience and genre. The clip then cuts to a wide screened establishing shot of New York City. This connotes the setting of the film and that it is going to take place there.

In addition to the imagery, there is non-diegetic music being played. 'Suddenly i see' is a soundrack by KT Tunstall, the music is light hearted and ennergetic, which connotes a comical, girly theme. The lyrics of the song fit with the imagery, and describe a beautiful girl, and a woman aspiring to be just like her, this connotes ideas about what the film could be about, and what plots could be revealed.

The opening scene is based upon the morning routine idea. It is set in various girls bedrooms and contains shots of them getting ready in the morning. The scene is created using parralell editing, creading the effect that the audience can see everything which is happening. From the start we can see that Anne Hathaway is the main character, becuase she gets the most screen time. However she is shown in contrast to the other girls. The toher girls in the scene are shown to be neat and glmorous. They also take their time in getting ready. Whilst on the other hand Anne Hathaway is shown to be scruffy and rushes herself. When the other girls are applying lipstick and eyeliner, Anne is shown to be quicly applying lipbalm then rushing out of the house. This creates a contrast in the opening scene and also makes it interesting as it starts to apply the personality of her character. This would engage the audience as they would want to follow her story. Also, the characteristics of the 'nerdy unpolular' girl are a stereotypical value of chick flick movies, where they end up falling in love, becoming sucsessfull and realising that they are beautiful, and people find this entertaining.

The scene uses Levi Strauss' theory of binarry opposites to show the lifestyle and personallity of the different girls. For example we are shown to view Anne Hathaways character as unpopular and scruffy, whilkst we are shown to see the other girls as neat and glamorous. The opposites show conflict between eachother as we see majour differences with the parralell editing, as we see opposites which make the scene more interesting and comical, as well as connoting key convensions of a chick flick.

Genre Specific Analysis: Love Actually

'Whenever I get gloomy with the state of the world, I think about the arrivals gate at Heathrow airport. General opinion makes out that we live in a world of hatred and greed. But I don't see that. Seems to me that love is everywhere. Often it's not particularly dignified or newsworthy, but it's always there. Fathers and sons, mothers and daughters, husbands and wives, boyfriends, girlfriends, old friends. When the planes hit the Twin Towers, as far as i know none of the phone calls from people on board were messages of hate or revenge, they were all messages of love. lf you look for it, I've got a sneaky feeling you'll find that love actually is all around.'

 

Love Actually, the 2003 romantic comedy by Richard Curtis opens in an entirely different way of those films similar to it. For example the stereotypical opening of a Romantic Comedy contains an opening of a plat containing the love between a man and a woman, establishing the main theme of the movie, and also introducing the key characters with a briefly explained plot. However Love Actually opens to a scene at Heathrow Airport, where relatives meet the passengers of the journey in the waiting area near christmas. The scene contains no characters from the film, no story line, it is completely irrelevant to the movie. On the other hand, the opening contains a short narrative, explaining that love exists in many ways, and that love actually is all around us. It also connotes that if you don't have love, or if you don't have someone, you have nothing.

The scene is set in Heathrow Airport, at a busy time of the day. Where the people arriving meet the people who have been waiting for them, to greet them. It opens with a wide angle shot of a crowded area in the airport. We see a woman walking through, and the camera pans to follow her, as she meets up with an old friend and hugs them. This connotes love and affection between them, as we follow her journey through the crowd to meet him, we start to feel empathy as she is shearching for them, then as she finds him we feel her emotion. The credits are set on the bottom half of the screen, and they are played throughout the scene, this makes it easier to concentrate on whats happening behind them, making it easier to follow the story.

The second shot consists of a slow motion mid screen shot. The slow motion gets the audience to carefully look at the emotion portrayed in the shot, and the feelings that are set in the scene. The mid shot of the mother being reunited with her children connoted the happiness she is feeling to be seeing them again, as both of the children run upto her in slow motion to greet her. The scene then continues with similar slow motion shots of different people with different stories, all being reunited with their loved ones. The scene contains a piece of quiet non-diegetic music which helps connote the slow motion shots and the emotion in the scene, this is a common idea which is very often seen in romances, so when people see the slow motion in the opening sequence, they can almost guess that the genre of the movie is going to be a romance. Secondly, 20 seconds into the scene, a non-diegetic voice is projected over the music to set the atmosphere and the theme by announcing how love 'is all around us'. This helps build emotion in the scene because it is dialouge of a theme everyone can relate to, as they all feel love to people in a variety of ways. However this voice over is spoken by the actor Hugh Grant, this actor is widely associated with romantic comedies and chick flicks due to his many roles performed in this genre, making him an important contributer to the setting of the genre and theme.

The scene uses Levi Strauss' narrative theory of binary opposites to show attraction and love in the scene. He uses opposites such as man/woman, adults/children, love/hate to motivate this simple narrative theory which connotes the conflict and attraction between opposites. The scene also uses Barthes' enigma code to set a mystery and to engage the audience in the movie. This has been done my making this scene different from the movie, it doesn't introduce any characters and plots, but it does give us ideas on the main theme. The director has chosen to do this because he wants to keep the rest of the movie seperated from the opening scene, to create a mysterious presence and to engage the audience to carry on watching so everything can be revealed.

Genre Moodboard

Our chosen genre is a Chick Flick. In this mood board we have collected images which represent the stereotypes which are portrayed in this genre. This would help us gain an understanding of what to include in our clip.

First Ideas

For my project, I have decided that I am going to work with Chrissy and Laura, and we are going to create the first 2 minutes of an opening scene of a chick flick, aimed towards teenage girls and young adult women.

Our idea is based on the stories of 2 people, which would be portrayed using a series of parallel edits. However we are using enigma code, to keep their characteristics hidden and to create a mysterious presence about them. However towards the end a problem emerges, which hopefully engages the audience as they would like to see the problem and story solved.

From Script to Scene: Dexter

The original concept idea for dexter came when the director was designing the title. He noticed that the that the letter forms in 'Dexter' are nearly identical right-side up as they are up-side down.  This suited Dexter the character, because when he goes through his transformation into a serial killer, you dont notice many changes. He's exactly the same Dexter except that somethings wrong, keeping his serial killer and insane personality quiet and hidden, like a criminal mastermind.






The Title sequence itself was simply showing Dexter's average morning routine, however this had been filmed using extreme close ups and lighting to show how savage normal things can be. For example, in the first few seconds we see dexter wake up, and have a shave. However when we see dexter shaving, the action is shot in an extreme close up, and with film noire lighting it gives us a creepy impression 
of savageness, connoting to our views on the character of Dexter. Also with the position of his hands, and with the razor, it connotes the image of someone being strangled, and their throats being slit. This also connotes to Dexter's serial killer nature. 
The scene then continues to show Dexter accidentally cutting himself with his razor, and as we see the extreme lose up of dexter's blood running down his throat, we have a horrifying idea of what will come in the movie. 

Next in the scene, we are shown dexter making his breakfast. again the clips are shot with extrmeme close  ups and lighting. We see a shot of Dexter preparing some meat to fry, but we are greeted by a horrific close up view of him slashing the packet and cutting the meat up with a knife. This is shown in a savage violent way to connote the killings of his victims, and give us an insight to what will happen later in the movie. Finally, after his breakfast, we see Dexter preparing dental floss with his teeth. However with the close ups and lighting, the innocent act seems to connote a more violent meaning, and gives us the idea of Dexter strangling something with rope. This connotes to Dexters character because it shows us his violent nature, and what he could be capable of.

The director has used noir lighting and a shallow depth of field to create a savage atmosphere, to connote Dexter's character. The noir lighting is often associated with horror movies, and that general idea helps us associate Dexter with horror and thrillers, due to the lighting techniques. 



We see a short clip of Dexter grinding coffee in a machine, the shot contains noir lighting, and a shallow depth of field, and this connotes the idea that this simple every day task has been gloryfied into a violent image.
 All of the shots in the scene have been shot with the technique of extreme close ups, normal everyday activities are shown to be horrific and savage. For example, this quote was released by the producer of the movie:

"Everything, no matter how mundane or beautiful, has an undercurrent of violence to it. It is just a matter of how closely you look. We are conditioned to see a blossoming flower as beautiful. But if you look closely, if you look differently you will see it more like an explosion. Here we see a mundane morning routine illustrated in extreme close-ups showing the underlying tension found in everyday situations making violence a part of everything."

The scene contains music by Rolfe Kent. The producer originally intended to include the soundtrack by Xploding Plastix, but after editing it into the sequence they decided that it didn't suit the overall nature of Dexter. So the producer was advised to swap the track for one by Rolfe Kent, and after a few days of editing, they decided that the track suited the scene perfectly. The music went hand in hand with the imagery and gave the grotesque imagery a new, humerus light. However the music sounds quite eerie in a strange way, and its completely different from other genres. The music creates suspense perfectly and fits in with the actions and clips in the sequence.

Research analysis of the opening of Juno

key parts of the introduction:

Non-Diegetic music reveals a childish, innocent character of Juno, with the cheerful, whimsical music by a children's balladeer Barry Louis Polisar. It indicates that this movie is going to be a sweet, funny-sad film with an indie spirit.

At the start we see Juno walking from the real world into an animation world. This connotes the idea that she is a loner, escaping from reality into her own world. This explains that she has an imagination, which is very strong in people of a younger age, connoting her innocence and childish nature.

The handmade animation gives us an immature insight on the movie, and also helps us associate Juno as a child. The animation contains over 900 cutouts, all handmade and pieced together. The hand made titles also help us realise that Juno is of a young age, and that she is not adult and mature

In the opening scene, we see Juno drinking from a large Sunny D Bottle. The audience would associate Sunny D as a child's drink, it also associates her with teenagers, as she is walking along carelessly, drinking a sugar drink. This connotes a bit of rebellious and careless personality breaking through.

Finally, we see Juno walking from her animation world back to reality. This connotes her growing up and facing the dangers of the real world, maturing to cope with the current situation where she goes to buy a pregnancy test. This also engages the audience, as they come out of the happy animation and music, back to the reality in which Juno has to face.

Key Conventions

During our lesson we researched a variety of different opening sequences to study the key conventions in a film opening, we came up with a variety of ideas and analysis.

For example, the film 'Brick' uses enigma codes to set up questions that the audience want answers to. This helps to keep the audience engaged with the movie, and adds interest. The opening also includes no introduction of characters, making it mysterious and interesting.

Secondly, the film London to Brighton opens with a harsh disruption, this instantly engages the audience as it opens with a thrill, and uses enigma code again to set questions which we want to see resolved. T^his opening also introduces key characters, and gives us little information on their background and history, making them more mysterious and interesting.

Finally, the film Kick Ass introduces key characters fully, and gives us details of their history and personality. For example, we learn that 'Dave', from 'Kick Ass' is invisible to girls and wants to be a superhero so he can become somebody. We start to associate Dave as the main character and get involved with his story, this engages the audience as they want to see what he becomes.